TERM-KARL-FISCHER-TITRATION
Karl Fischer Titration
Water & Fuel
Also: KF titration · Karl Fischer · water content analysis · coulometric titration
Abbrev: KF · KFT
Canonical Definition
A precise electrochemical analysis technique for determining water content in oils, fuels, and other non-aqueous liquids, based on the selective reaction of iodine with water in the presence of sulfur dioxide, an alcohol, and a base. Results are expressed in parts per million (ppm) by weight (mg water/kg oil) or as a weight percentage. Karl Fischer titration quantifies total water — dissolved, emulsified, and free — in a single measurement. It is the primary method specified in ASTM D6304 for hydraulic fluids and ISO 12937 for petroleum products.
Engineering Context
Karl Fischer titration is the reference laboratory method for water content determination, providing accuracy to ±5 ppm. For field use, portable water activity sensors (measuring water activity aᵥ from 0–1.0) provide real-time monitoring without requiring sample preparation. Water activity above 0.6 in hydraulic fluid and above 0.7 in lube oil indicates free water formation risk and requires immediate action.
Applicable Standards
Protection Systems
Knowledge Center Articles
KC-00 Governance Metadata
| Permanent ID | TERM-KARL-FISCHER-TITRATION |
| Category | Water & Fuel |
| Status | Published |
| Version | 1.0 |
| Last Reviewed | 2026-07-05 |
Related Terms